#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>



int printS(char *str) {
    if (str == NULL) return -1;
    printf("%s", str);
    return 0;
}

char *inS() {
    char *buffer = malloc(100);
    if (buffer == NULL) return NULL;
    if (fgets(buffer, 100, stdin) == NULL) {
        free(buffer);
        return NULL;
    }
    buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\n")] = 0;
    return buffer;
}



int printI(int i) {
    printf("%d", i);
    return 0;
}

int inI() {
    int i;
    char buffer[100];
    if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == NULL) return 0;
    if (sscanf(buffer, "%d", &i) != 1) return 0;
    return i;
}



int printC(char c) {
    printf("%c", c);
    return 0;
}

char inC() {
    char c;
    if (scanf(" %c", &c) != 1) return 0;
    return c;
}



int printB(bool b) {
    if (b)
        printf("true");
    else
        printf("false");
    return 0;
}